Cystitis is inflammation of the urinary bladder, which in most cases is due to a bacterial infection (usually caused by Escherichia coli), and usually manifests itself with urgency to urinate, pain or burning when doing so, and discomfort in the lower abdominal area.
It is estimated that around half of women (between 37% and 50%) will suffer at least one episode of cystitis throughout their lives; The highest incidence is observed between 18 and 39 years of age, especially in premenopausal women.
In this regard, Dr. Carmen González Enguita, president of the Spanish Association of Urology, interviewed by EFE Healthshared fundamental recommendations to avoid bacterial cystitis, such as the importance of completely emptying the bladder when urinating and going to the bathroom frequently. These practices can minimize the formation of urinary tract infections.
The anatomical characteristics of women, such as the proximity between the rectum, vagina and urethra, favor the proliferation of bacteria, which increases the risk. Furthermore, factors such as low fluid consumption aggravate the situation, contributing to cystitis.
Risk factors that enhance infection
Sexual relations and hormonal changes during menopause are identified as elements that increase susceptibility to cystitis.
Other conditions are also mentioned, such as humidity and prolonged use of wet swimsuits.
The urologist emphasizes that treatment should not be limited to antibiotics and vaccines, but should include a comprehensive evaluation of lifestyle habits. Supplements such as cranberry and probiotics are recommended to aid in prevention, along with proper urination patterns.
The doctor explains that in the event of this type of infection, especially if it is repeated, it is necessary to do a urine culture to find out if it is the Escherichia coli the bacteria that is causing it or is it another, collects EFE.
Vaccines against cystitis
“Vaccines against cystitis are not a treatment,” says González Enguita. “The vaccine is a drug to prevent” urinary infections, he emphasizes.
However, these preventive vaccines are not valid for all cases, only in those people who meet the criteria for recurrent cystitis.
“And also when they have had many antibiotic treatments,” he adds.
According to the urologist, “the vaccine for cystitis is indicated when the repeat online criteria are met and when there is an episode that allows a urine sample to be taken” that determines the type of bacteria it has at that moment and as a result of that the vaccine is generated.
“I compare them to the flu vaccine, every year we have to get vaccinated because the serotypes of the virus are different”; Something similar happens with the cystitis vaccine, he explained.
Diet and nutrition in the prevention of cystitis
Diet and nutrition play an important role in preventing cystitis, especially by reducing the risk of urinary tract infections and improving the health of the urinary and intestinal tract.
Hydration and urinary flow
Drinking enough water helps to “wash” the urinary tract, diluting the urine and promoting the elimination of bacteria that could settle in the bladder. In neatly-liked, a consumption of at least 1.5–2 liters of liquids per day is recommended, unless medically contraindicated.
Protective foods
- Consuming fresh fruits and vegetables, especially rich in vitamins and antioxidants (citrus fruits, red fruits, kiwi, broccoli, spinach) helps strengthen the defenses and urological mucosa.
- Legumes, whole grains and foods rich in fiber promote digestion and reduce constipation, which reduces the population of intestinal bacteria that can migrate to the urethra.
- Foods with natural probiotics (unsweetened yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut) can help maintain a more balanced intestinal and vaginal vegetation, reducing the growth of strains of E.coli which usually cause cystitis.
Food and drinks to be moderated
Some foods and drinks can irritate the bladder or promote bacterial growth, so it is recommended to limit them if you have recurrent cystitis:
- Very sugary drinks, alcohol and excessive coffee.
- Highly processed foods, rich in salt or with additives, which can worsen inflammation.
Neatly-liked paper of a good diet
A diet based mainly on vegetables, fruits, whole grains, legumes, lean proteins and water, together with good weight management and physical activity, contributes to a stronger immune system and a lower frequency of urinary infections. This does not replace antibiotic treatment when infectious cystitis appears, but it can reduce recurrences and improve quality of life.
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